Lead

Lead (Pb) is one of the most frequently cited chemicals in Proposition 65 enforcement. Lead is listed as both a carcinogen (listed October 1, 1992) and a reproductive toxicant (listed February 27, 1987). OEHHA has established a Maximum Allowable Dose Level (MADL) for lead of 0.5 micrograms per day (reproductive toxicity). For cancer risk, a No Significant Risk Level of 15 micrograms per day applies. Lead is found in a wide range of consumer products including electronics, jewellery, ceramics, plumbing fixtures, toys, and food contact materials. Lead-in-jewellery and lead-in-consumer-electronics cases represent some of the most common Proposition 65 enforcement actions.

OEHHA Proposition 65 list; MADL for lead: 0.5 μg/day (reproductive, 27 CCR §25805); NSRL for lead: 15 μg/day (carcinogen, 27 CCR §25703).

For electronics manufacturers, jewellery makers, and consumer product companies, lead is the most commonly encountered Proposition 65 restricted substance. Product testing for lead content (typically by ICP-MS or XRF) is a standard compliance practice. When lead is present in a product, a product-specific exposure assessment must determine whether daily intake from normal use exceeds either the MADL (0.5 μg/day) or NSRL (15 μg/day). Lead in the tailored motor vehicle parts warning (§25607.50) is specifically called out by name in the new January 2025 warning language.